Child as target audience of commercials

Commercials exert a strong influence on children. It results in yearning for advertised products. This phenomenon has also some disadvantages. Commercials influence children so strongly that they force adults to buy particular sweets, toys and other advertised products. The contents of television programs are usually received very literally by children. Children attach huge emotional importance to that fact. The reason for that is that they do not have as much experience and knowledge as adults. They know that commercials do not always reflect reality, but they usually desire to possess the advertised products

First and second order magnetic and structural transitions in BaFe2(1−x)_{2(1-x)}Co2x_{2x}As2_{2}

We present here high resolution magnetization measurements on high-quality BaFe$_{2(1-x)}$Co$_{2x}$As$_{2}$, 0$\leq$x$\leq$0.046 as-grown single crystals. The results confirm the existence of a magnetic tricritical point in the ($x$,$T$) plane at x$^{m}_{tr}$$\approx$0.022 and reveal the emergence of the heat capacity anomaly associated with the onset of the structural transition at x$^{s}$$\approx$0.0064. We show that the samples with doping near x$^{m}_{tr}$ do not show superconductivity, but rather superconductivity emerges at a slightly higher cobalt doping, x$\approx$0.0315Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure

Giant cardiac tumours in the newborn: an unusual image

Primary heart tumours in the paediatric population are very rare and they range from 0.01% to 0.04%. Most are benign lesions of which about half are rhabdomyomas. Rhabdomyoma tumour diagnosis is associated with a 75–80% risk of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). TSC are characterised with numerous changes of hamartoma-type located in the brain, kidneys, skin and other organs including the heart. More than two-thirds of newborns with TSC present rhabdomyomas in the heart. These changes may be asymptomatic, but in some cases they may cause heart failure, arrhythmias and death. We present a case report of an infant with giant rhabdomyoma tumours in the course of TSC

Brillouin scattering studies in Fe3_3O4_4 across the Verwey transition

Brillouin scattering studies have been carried out on high quality single crystals of Fe$_3$O$_4$ with [100] and [110] faces in the temperature range of 300 to 30 K. The room temperature spectrum shows a surface Rayleigh wave (SRW) mode at 8 GHz and a longitudinal acoustic (LA) mode at 60 GHz. The SRW mode frequency shows a minimum at the Verwey transition temperature $T_V$ of 123 K. The softening of the SRW mode frequency from about 250 K to $T_V$ can be quantitatively understood as a result of a decrease in the shear elastic constant C$_{44}$, arising from the coupling of shear strain to charge fluctuations. On the other hand, the LA mode frequency does not show any significant change around $T_V$, but shows a large change in its intensity. The latter shows a maximum at around 120 K in the cooling run and at 165 K in the heating run, exhibiting a large hysteresis of 45 K. This significant change in intensity may be related to the presence of stress-induced ordering of Fe$^{3+}$ and Fe$^{2+}$ at the octahedral sites, as well as to stress-induced domain wall motion.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Physical Review B 200

Challenges for Social Responsibility in Activities for Economic Development.

Статья посвящена проблемам, стоящим перед государством и хозяйствующими субъектами микроуровня, в аспекте их роли и ответственности за благополучие нынешнего и будущих поколений. В статье приведены ошибки, преднамеренные злоупотребления и даже преступления, с которыми сталкиваются экономические субъекты. Авторы также раскрывают и положительные практики экономических организаций, которые обсуждались, в частности, на Всемирном Бизнес Совете по устойчивому развитию. Одной из фундаментальных проблем на макроуровне, связанными с ответственностью государства, является ответственное использование государственного долга. Его нерациональное и чрезмерное использование может привести к негативным экономическим и социальным последствиям, которые также рассматриваются в статье. Ключевые слова: корпоративная социальная ответственность, корпоративное управление, этика бизнеса. = This article treats of the challenges facing the state and the micro-entities of economic life in the category of their role and responsibility for the well-being of present and future generations. This idealistic formulation is a point of reference for the presented discourse. A number of mistakes, and deliberate abuses, and even crimes encountered by the listed entities are enumerated. However, the legitimacy and the essence of competitiveness is not challenged, but only the responsibility of entities for the ethical side of its regulations are indicated, thereby its functioning per se. The article also shows good practices of economic organizations (companies) in this regard, which are promoted, among others, by the World Business Council for Sustainable Development and which favour ethical economic growth. Real actions, not their marking often referred to as the Greenwash activity, are considered appropriate. At the macro level, one of the fundamental problems concerning the liability of the state is emphasized, the responsible use of public debt. Its irrational use and excessive levels lead to negative economic and social consequences, which is also considered in the paper. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, corporate governance, business ethics

Risk of climate-induced damage in historical textiles

Eleven wool and silk historic textiles and two modern artist's canvases were examined to determine their water vapour adsorption, moisture dimensional response and tensile behaviour. All the textiles showed a similar general pattern of moisture response. A rise in ambient relative humidity (RH) from dry conditions produced expansion of a textile until a certain critical RH level after which a contraction occurred to a greater or lesser degree depending on the yarn crimp and the weave geometry. The largest expansion recorded between the dry state and 80% RH was 1.2 and 0.9% for wool and silk textiles, respectively. The largest shrinkage of 0.8% at high RH range was experienced by a modern linen canvas. Two potential damage mechanisms related to the moisture response of the textiles—stress building as a result of shrinkage of the textile restrained in its dimensional response and the fretting fatigue when yarns move with friction one against another—were found insignificant in typical textile display environments unless the textiles are severely degraded or excessively strained in their mounting

Verwey transition in Fe3_{3}O4_{4} at high pressure: quantum critical behavior at the onset of metallization

We provide evidence for the existence of a {\em quantum critical point} at the metallization of magnetite Fe$_{3}$O$_{4}$ at an applied pressure of $p_{c} \approx 8$ GPa. We show that the present ac magnetic susceptibility data support earlier resistivity data. The Verwey temperature scales with pressure $T_{V}\sim (1-p/p_{c})^{\nu}$, with $\nu\sim 1/3$. The resistivity data shows a temperature dependence $\rho(T)=\rho_{0}+AT^{n}$, with $n\simeq 3$ above and 2.5 at the critical pressure, respectively. This difference in $n$ with pressure is a sign of critical behavior at $p_{c}$. The magnetic susceptibility is smooth near the critical pressure, both at the Verwey transition and near the ferroelectric anomaly. A comparison with the critical behavior observed in the Mott-Hubbard and related systems is made.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure